One of the greatest impacts of the declining availability of freshwater is the fact that it undermines the very existence of human, plant and animal life across the globe. In reference to the United Nations (2014), close to 1.2 billion people around the world currently live in regions that have physical scarcity of freshwater, and this number is expected to rise to approximately 1.8 billion people by 2025. Speaking from this point of view, the declining freshwater resource is likely to lead to a significant decline in the world population across the globe since human beings are dependent on freshwater to live. Furthermore, the increasing shortage of freshwater is likely to contribute to an increase in diseases such as cholera and dysentery particularly in densely populated urban areas (Head, 2017). In this regard, there is an increasing risk of loss of lives due to freshwater shortage as well as due to outbreak of diseases occasioned by this shoartage.
淡水供应量下降的更大影响之一是，它破坏了全球人类、植物和动物的生存。根据联合国（2014年），目前全世界有近12亿人生活在淡水资源匮乏的地区，预计到2025年，这一数字将增至约18亿人。从这个角度讲，淡水资源的减少可能导致全球人口的显著下降，因为人类依赖淡水生存。此外，淡水日益短缺可能导致霍乱和痢疾等疾病的增加，特别是在人口密集的城市地区（Head，2017年）。在这方面，由于淡水短缺以及由于这一小店引发的疾病爆发，生命损失的风险越来越大。
Similarly, freshwater shortage is likely to contribute to armed conflicts among different communities across the globe. In reference to Swain and Jägerskog (2016), there is a growing competition for freshwater resources as different community focus on evaluating the current and future availability of this resource. Swain and Jägerskog (2016) further observe that in regions such as the Middle East, war could erupt as countries for freshwater in order to sustain their population. These conflicts are likely to arise as community seeks to control the freshwater resources as a way to protect their future. In reference to Goldenberg (2014), whereas the chances of countries going to war over the limited freshwater is low, there are already ongoing conflicts between different communities as they fight for this resource to sustain their lives, agriculture and livestock. Therefore, the risk of armed conflicts continues to increase as this resource declines.
同样，淡水短缺也可能导致全球不同社区之间的武装冲突。关于Swain和Jägerskog（2016年），由于不同社区关注评估淡水资源的当前和未来可用性，淡水资源的竞争日益激烈。Swain和Jägerskog（2016）进一步观察到，在中东等地区，战争可能会爆发，因为需要淡水以维持其人口。当社区试图控制淡水资源以保护其未来时，这些冲突可能会发生。参考Goldenberg（2014年），虽然各国因有限的淡水资源而开战的可能性很低，但在不同社区为维持生命、农业和牲畜而争夺这一资源的过程中，已经存在持续冲突。因此，随着这一资源的减少，武装冲突的风险继续增加。
There are a number of mitigation measures that could be implemented to help reduce the risk of global crisis because of freshwater shortage. To begin with, there is a need to promote global measures for optimal water management and usage. According to Wang et al. (2016), government, institutions and communities across the globe need to establish mechanisms and models to mitigate water supply security. This will help improve the efficiency in the use of freshwater, as well as reduce competition among different communities for this resource. Similarly, the global community needs to focus on development of alternative ways to acquire water for use. For instance, the United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (2017) proposes that there is a need for the global community to embrace recycling of wastewater, which can be used for agriculture and other domestic activities. This will help reduce the pressure on the current natural sources of freshwater.
可以采取一些缓解措施，以帮助减少淡水短缺导致的全球危机风险。首先，有必要促进全球措施，以实现更佳水资源管理和利用。Wang等人（2016年）认为，全球政府、机构和社区需要建立机制和模型来缓解供水安全。这将有助于提高淡水利用的效率，并减少不同社区之间对这种资源的竞争。同样，全球社会需要集中精力开发获取用水的替代方法。例如，联合国世界水资源评估方案（2017年）提出，全球社会需要接受废水循环利用，这些废水可用于农业和其他家庭活动。这将有助于减轻目前淡水自然资源的压力。
In conclusion, the global community continues to face a rising acute shortage of freshwater in different regions worldwide. There are different factors that contribute to this shortage including human activities such as agriculture and industrial activities, and the changing climate and environment. This reducing availability of freshwater is likely to lead to armed conflicts in future as well as outbreak of diseases, thus threatening the global population. To address this challenge, there is a need to establish models to help promote optimal distribution, allocation and use of water resources. In addition, the global community need to embrace the recycling of wastewater for both agricultural and domestic use.
最后，全球社会继续面临世界各地淡水严重短缺的问题。造成这种短缺的因素多种多样，包括人类活动，如农业和工业活动，以及不断变化的气候和环境。淡水供应的减少可能导致未来的武装冲突以及疾病的爆发，从而威胁到全球人口。为了应对这一挑战，需要建立模型，帮助促进水资源的优化分配、分配和使用。此外，全球社会需要接受废水的循环利用，以供农业和家庭使用。