How might issues of taste and class be evident in television consumption practices? Choose 1-2 examples of specific genres or programmes to discuss in your essay.
在电视消费实践中，品味和阶级问题是如何表现出来的？选择1-2个特定类型或节目的例子在文章中进行讨论。
The television, one of the greatest and important inventions of the 20th century, transformed the way people in society consume news and other entertainment motion pictures. Researchers, scholars and media analysts have in the past engaged in numerous debates on whether the television as a commodity is worth consuming (Miller 13). Whereas some of the arguments from these researchers, scholars and media analysis promote the fact that the television as a mass medium is an important invention, other arguments have dismissed it with arguments that the television is simply a toaster-like appliance with pictures (Miller 13). Whereas this is the case, there is a need to observe that the television is one of the inventions that has transformed different consumption elements in society. This essay explores how the issues of taste and class can be evident in television consumption practices.
电视是20世纪最伟大和重要的发明之一，它改变了社会上人们消费新闻和其他娱乐电影的方式。研究人员、学者和媒体分析师过去曾就电视作为一种商品是否值得消费展开过无数次辩论（Miller 13）。尽管这些研究人员、学者和媒体分析的一些观点认为电视作为一种大众媒体是一项重要发明，但其他观点认为电视只是一种像烤面包机一样带有图片的器具，从而否定了这一点（Miller 13）。既然如此，就有必要观察到电视是改变社会不同消费元素的发明之一。本文探讨了品味和阶级问题如何在电视消费实践中体现出来。
To begin with, different people have different cultural and personal preferences and choice, which influence their preferences and choice when consuming the media and in this case television. In his analysis of tastes, Bourdieu argues that tastes are as a result of social conditioning that a person is exposed to in life (Stringfellow, MacLaren, Maclean and O’Gorman 80). Speaking from this point of view, there is a need to observe that different people in society have different consumption patterns of the television. An analysis of different viewers indicates that certain viewers in society are likely to prefer certain television programs or genres over others. For instance, the television consumption tastes as far as film and movies are concerned between men and women vary significantly, with men likely to watch action genre while women have a high likelihood of watching romance genre. Research and study findings reveal that men in society, due to social conditioning that emphasise on manly strength have a likelihood of watching action movies as a way to satisfy their tastes (Holt and Thompson 425). In this case, most societies condition their male children to exhibit strength and the ability to defend as key male characteristic. Therefore, when it comes to mass media consumption, men are likely to choose television programming that are affiliated with their character and nature as individuals in society. On the other hand, most societies teach women to be gentle, loving and caring. As a result of this, most women are likely to avoid action movies since this genre of movies portray features that are contrary to their nature. With this in mind, one can observe that taste is evident in television consumption practices mainly because of the societal differences that exist between people. This is affirmed in past research and study findings that reveal that “”tastes (i.e., manifested preferences) are the practical affirmation of an inevitable difference” (Bourdieu 56). This implies that due to the gender differences that exist because of the socialisation process in most societies, which establishes a foundation for differences between men and women in society, there is likely to emerge differences in preferences as far as television consumption is concerned.
首先，不同的人有不同的文化和个人偏好和选择，这影响了他们在消费媒体和电视时的偏好和选择。在对品味的分析中，布迪厄认为品味是一个人在生活中所接触到的社会条件的结果（斯特林费罗、麦克拉伦、麦克莱恩和奥戈尔曼80）。从这个角度讲，有必要观察到，社会上不同的人对电视有不同的消费模式。对不同观众的分析表明，社会上的某些观众可能更喜欢某些电视节目或类型。例如，就电影和电影而言，男性和女性的电视消费品味差异很大，男性可能会观看动作类电影，而女性则很可能会观看浪漫类电影。研究和研究结果表明，由于强调男子气概的社会条件，社会中的男子有可能通过观看动作片来满足他们的口味（霍尔特和汤普森425）。在这种情况下，大多数社会都将男性孩子的力量和防卫能力作为主要的男性特征。因此，当涉及到大众媒体消费时，男性可能会选择与他们作为社会个体的性格和本性相关的电视节目。另一方面，大多数社会教导妇女要温柔、有爱心和有爱心。因此，大多数女性可能会避免看动作片，因为这种类型的电影所描绘的特征与她们的本性相反。考虑到这一点，我们可以观察到，人们在电视消费实践中的品味是显而易见的，这主要是因为人与人之间存在着社会差异。这一点在过去的研究和研究结果中得到了证实，这些研究和研究结果表明，“口味（即表现出的偏好）是对不可避免的差异的实际肯定”（布尔迪厄56）。这意味着，由于大多数社会中的社会化进程而存在的性别差异，这为社会中男女之间的差异奠定了基础，就电视消费而言，有可能出现偏好差异。